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NEW QUESTION # 10
What statement is true concerning the use of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation method in IEEE 802.11 WLANs?
- A. OFDM was first introduced in 802.11a and is used by the ERP, HT and VHT PHYs as well.
- B. OFDM modulation is used only in 5 GHz 802.11 transmissions.
- C. OFDM was used by Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) PHY devices.
- D. OFDM implements BPSK modulation to allow for data rates up to 7 Gbps.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 11
802. 11ax (HE) introduces Resource Units that can be used to allow communications with multiple devices at the same time, on the same channel, in the same BSS. What feature of 802.1 lax provides this functionality?
- A. TWT
- B. 6 GHz support
- C. OFDMA
- D. Wi-Fi-LTE
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The feature of 802.11ax (HE) that provides this functionality is OFDMA. OFDMA stands for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access and is a technology that allows multiple devices to communicate simultaneously on the same channel in the same BSS. OFDMA works by dividing a channel into smaller subchannels called Resource Units (RUs), which are composed of groups of subcarriers or tones. Each RU can be assigned to a different device based on its bandwidth requirement and signal quality. This way, OFDMA can increase the efficiency and capacity of the channel by reducing overhead, contention, and latency.
OFDMA can also support both uplink and downlink multi-user transmissions using trigger frames and buffer status reports. 6 GHz support, TWT, and Wi-Fi-LTE are not features of 802.11ax that provide this functionality. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 226; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 216.
NEW QUESTION # 12
You are deploying a WLAN with the access points configured for 10 mW of output power on the 2.4 GHz radios and 20 mW of output power on the 5GHz radios. Some semi-directional antennas are also in use. What kind of deployment is described?
- A. SOHO
- B. High density
- C. Standard office
- D. Residential
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
A high-density deployment is a wireless network that is designed to support a large number of users and devices in a relatively small area. This type of deployment is often used in enterprise environments, such as offices, schools, and hospitals.
The use of semi-directional antennas in the deployment described in the question is a good indication that it is a high-density deployment. Semi-directional antennas can be used to focus the signal from an access point in a specific direction. This can help to reduce interference and improve performance in high-density environments.
The other answer choices are less likely to be correct for the following reasons:
* SOHO (small office/home office) deployments are typically smaller and less complex than high-density deployments.
* Residential deployments are typically even smaller and less complex than SOHO deployments.
* Standard office deployments may be high-density, but they may also be lower-density.
It is important to note that the type of deployment is not determined solely by the output power of the access points. However, the use of 10 mW of output power on the 2.4 GHz radios and 20 mW of output power on the
5GHz radios is also consistent with a high-density deployment.
Here are some additional tips for deploying a high-density wireless network:
* Use a site survey to determine the optimal placement of access points.
* Configure the access points to use non-overlapping channels.
* Use semi-directional or directional antennas to focus the signal and reduce interference.
* Implement a wireless intrusion prevention system (WIPS) to detect and mitigate rogue access points and other security threats.
NEW QUESTION # 13
A dual-band 802-1 lac AP must be powered by PoE. As a class 4 device, what power level should be received at the AP?
- A. 25. 5W
- B. 30 W
- C. 12.95 W
- D. 15.4 W
Answer: A
Explanation:
Similar to a PoE network switch, the PoE plus switch also supplies power over two pairs, but it adds an additional power class that is able to deliver power up to 25.5W for a PD with a voltage range from
42.5V to 57V. The max power delivered by each port of a PoE+ switch is 30W, along with a voltage range from 50V to 57V.
https://community.fs.com/blog/poe-switch-types.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_over_Ethernet#:~:text=Class%204%20can%20only%20be%2
0used%20by%20IEEE,0%20device.%20Configuration%20via%20Ethernet%20layer%202%20LL DP
NEW QUESTION # 14
You were previously onsite at XYZ's facility to conduct a pre-deployment RF site survey. The WLAN has been deployed according to your recommendations and you are onsite again to perform a post-deployment validation survey.
When performing this type of post-deployment RF site survey voice over Wi-Fi, what is an action that must be performed?
- A. Application analysis with an active phone call on an VoWiFi handset.
- B. Frequency-band hopping analysis to detect improper RF channel implementations.
- C. Protocol analysis to discover channel use on neighboring APs.
- D. Spectrum analysis to locate and identify RF interference sources.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
When performing a post-deployment validation survey for voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi), an action that must be performed is Application analysis with an active phone call on a VoWiFi handset. Application analysis is a method of testing the performance of a specific application over the WLAN by measuring parameters such as throughput, latency, jitter, packet loss, MOS score, and R-value. Application analysis with an active phone call on a VoWiFi handset can help to evaluate the quality of service (QoS) and user experience of VoWiFi calls over the WLAN. It can also help to identify any issues or bottlenecks that may affect VoWiFi calls such as interference, roaming delays, or insufficient coverage. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 549; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 519.
NEW QUESTION # 15
A client STA must choose the best AP for connectivity. As part of the evaluation, it must verify compatible data rates. What can the client STA use to verify that an AP supports the same data rates that it supports?
- A. Data frames sent between the AP and current client STAs
- B. Authentication frames transmitted by the other client STAs
- C. Probe request frames transmitted by other client STAs
- D. Beacon frames transmitted by the AP
Answer: C
Explanation:
https://supportforums.cisco.com/t5/wireless-mobility-documents/802-11-sniffer-capture-analysis- management-frames-and-open-auth/ta-p/3120622
NEW QUESTION # 16
The BSA of an AP covers the area used by the sales and marketing department. Thirty-five stations operate in this space. The users indicate that they need more throughput and all stations are 5 GHz capable 802.11ac clients. The current AP configuration uses 20 MHz channels in both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. What is the least expensive solution available for increasing throughput for these users without implementing configuration options that are not recommended?
- A. Use a 160 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio
- B. Use a 40 MHz channel on the 2.4 GHz radio
- C. Install a second AP in the coverage area
- D. Use a 40 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The least expensive solution available for increasing throughput for these users without implementing configuration options that are not recommended is to use a 40 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio. This solution can double the channel bandwidth and increase the data rates for the 5 GHz capable 802.11ac clients. Using a
40 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio is also less likely to cause co-channel interference or overlap with other channels than using a 40 MHz channel on the 2.4 GHz radio, which has only three non-overlapping channels.
Using a 160 MHz channel on the 5 GHz radio may provide even higher throughput, but it may also consume too much of the available spectrum and cause more interference with other devices or networks. Installing a second AP in the coverage area may also improve the throughput, but it may require additional costs and configuration. References: [CWNP Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-107], page 216; [CWNA: Certified Wireless Network Administrator Official Study Guide: Exam CWNA-106], page 206.
NEW QUESTION # 17
What is primary metric of scanning can stations use to select the best AP for connectivity to the desired BSS?
- A. Signal strength of access point beacons received
- B. Throughput speed in Mbps.
- C. PING latency when testing against an internet server
- D. FCS errors in frames transmitted to and from the AP.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 18
What factors will have the most significant impact on the amount of wireless bandwidth available to each station within a BSS?
- A. The power management settings in the access point's beacons
- B. The layer 3 protocol used by each station to transmit data over the wireless link
- C. The number of client stations associated to the BSS
- D. The presence of co-located (10m away) access points on non-overlapping channels
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 19
When compared with legacy Power Save mode, how does VHT TXOP power save improve battery life for devices on a WLAN?
- A. VHT TXOP power save allows stations to enter sleep mode and legacy Power Save does not.
- B. VHT TXOP power save uses the partial AID in the preamble to allow clients to identify frames targeted for them.
- C. Legacy Power Save mode was removed in the 802.11ac amendment.
- D. VHT TXOP power save allows the WLAN transceiver to disable more components when in a low powerstate.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 20
The requirement for a WLAN you are installing state that It must support unidirectional delays of less than 150 ms and the signal strength at all receivers can be no lower than -67 dBm.
What application is likely used that demands these requirements?
- A. E-mail
- B. FTP
- C. RTLS
- D. VoIP
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 21
You are evaluating a connection that states the data rate is 150 Mbps. What is the expected throughput of this connection?
- A. 54 Mbps because that is the actual maximum throughput of an 802.11 connection
- B. Less than 150 Mbps because of 802.11 overhead and contention
- C. 150 Mbps because the data rate is equal to the throughput
- D. More than 150 Mbps because of compression
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The data rate of a signal is the speed that the data bits in individual 802.11 data frames are sent, but it does not account for the actual amount of data that can be transmitted over time. The throughput of a connection is the flow of information over time, which is affected by various factors such as data encoding, modulation, encryption, airtime utilization, noise levels, interference, etc. Therefore, the throughput is always lower than the data rate. According to one of the web search results1, the actual throughput is normally 60-70 percent of the supported data rates. So, for a connection with a data rate of 150 Mbps, the expected throughput would be around 90-105 Mbps.
NEW QUESTION # 22
You are attempting to locate the cause of a performance problem in two WLAN cells in a mostly overlapping coverage area. You note that one AP is on channel 1 and the other is on channel 2.
When you document yoy findings, what term do you use to describe the problem in this configuration?
- A. Non-Wi-Fi interference
- B. CCI
- C. ACI
- D. Bluetooth interference
Answer: C
Explanation:
Adjacent channel interference is more serious and occurs when 2 or more AP's are on overlapping channels, for example channel 1 + 4 on the 2.4Ghz band. ACI creates overlap in the frequency space causing corrupted data and layer 2 re-transmissions.
NEW QUESTION # 23
You manage a WLAN with 100 802.1lac access points. All access points are configured to use 80 MHz channels. In a particular BSS, only 40 MHz communications are seen. What is the likely cause of this behavior?
- A. The short guard interval is also enabled
- B. The clients are all 802.11n STAs or lower
- C. All clients implement single spatial stream radios
- D. The AP is improperly configured to use only 40 MHz of the 80 MHz allocated bandwidth
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 24
What security solution is required to be used in place of Open System Authentication for all open network
802.11 implementations in the 6 GHz band?
- A. OWE
- B. WPA3-SAE
- C. WPA3-Enterprise
- D. Kerberos
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 25
What ID is typically mapped to an AP's MAC address if a single BSS is implemented?
- A. Device ID
- B. VLAN ID
- C. SSID
- D. BSSID
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The BSSID (Basic Service Set Identifier) is typically mapped to an AP's MAC address if a single BSS is implemented. The BSSID is a unique identifier that distinguishes one BSS from another within the same RF medium. It is usually derived from the MAC address of the AP's radio interface, but it can also be manually configured or randomly generated by some vendors. The BSSID is used by client stations to associate with an AP and to send and receive frames within a BSS. References: , Chapter 1, page 24; , Section 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 26
You are troubleshooting a WLAN problem and you suspect hidden node as the cause. What should you look for in a protocol analyzers?
- A. Retransmitted frames from multiple STAs at higher rates than other STAs
- B. Frames with the retry bit set to 0
- C. Frames with the HN bit set to 1
- D. Frames transmitted from the AP without acknowledgement
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 27
An 802.11 WLAN transmitter that emits a 50 mW signal is connected to a cable with 3 dB of loss.
The cable is connected to an antenna with 16 dBi of gain.
What is the EIRP power output?
- A. 1000 mW
- B. 2 W
- C. 250 mW
- D. 500 mW
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 28
You administer a small WLAN with nine access point. As a small business, you do not rum a RADIUS server and use WPA2-Personal for security. Recently, you changed the passphrase for WPA2-personal in all Aps and clients. Several users are now reporting the inability to connect to the network at time and it is constrained to one area of the building. When using scanner, you see that the AP covering that area is online
- A. The clients are improperly configured
- B. The AP that covers the problem area has failed
- C. The AP that covers the problem area is improperly configured
- D. The AP that covers the problem area requires a firmware update
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
This is because the passphrase for WPA2-Personal is case-sensitive and must match exactly on both the AP and the client. If the passphrase is entered incorrectly on the client, the client will not be able to authenticate with the AP and connect to the network. The AP that covers the problem area is not likely to require a firmware update, fail, or be improperly configured, as it is online and works with other clients that have the correct passphrase. To troubleshoot this issue, you can check the passphrase settings on the clients and make sure they match with the AP. You can also try to reconnect the clients to the network or reboot them if necessary. For more information on how to configure WPA2-Personal on your router
NEW QUESTION # 29
What primary metric of scanning can stations use to select the best AP for connectivity to the desired BSS?
- A. PING latency when testing against an Internet server.
- B. Throughput speed in Mbps.
- C. FCS errors in frames transmitted to and from the AP.
- D. Signal strength of AP beacons received.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 30
What statement about 802.11 WLAN performance is true?
- A. In most WLANs, no special skill or tuning is required to get peak performance
- B. To get the best performance out of an AP, you should disable data rates of 72 Mbps and lower
- C. WLANs perform better as more wireless clients connect with each AP
- D. In modem networks, both centralized and distributed data forwarding work well for most standard office deployments
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The statement that in modern networks, both centralized and distributed data forwarding work well for most standard office deployments is true about WLAN performance. Data forwarding refers to how wireless frames are transmitted from wireless clients to wired networks or vice versa through wireless access points (APs).
Centralized data forwarding means that all wireless frames are sent to a central controller or gateway before being forwarded to their destinations. Distributed data forwarding means that wireless frames are forwarded directly by the APs to their destinations without going through a central controller or gateway. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages, depending on the network size, topology, traffic pattern, security, and management requirements. However, in modern networks, both methods can achieve high performance and scalability for most standard office deployments, as they can leverage advanced features such as fast roaming, load balancing, quality of service, and encryption. The other statements about WLAN performance are false. In most WLANs, special skill or tuning is required to get peak performance, such as selecting the appropriate channel, power, data rate, and antenna settings. WLANs perform worse as more wireless clients connect with each AP, as they cause more contention and interference on the wireless medium. To get the best performance out of an AP, you should not disable data rates of 72 Mbps and lower, as they are needed for backward compatibility and range extension. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 9: Wireless LAN Architecture, page 2811
NEW QUESTION # 31
What feature of 802.1 lax (HE) is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS?
- A. BSS Color
- B. TWT
- C. OFDMA
- D. UL-MU-MIMO
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
TWT is the feature of 802.11ax (HE) that is managed with beacon and trigger frames and is primarily a power management method, but also provides more efficient access to the channel used within a BSS. TWT stands for target wake time, which is a mechanism that allows an access point and a client device to negotiate and schedule specific times for data transmission and reception. This enables the client device to enter a low-power sleep mode when it is not expected to communicate with the access point, which saves battery life and reduces power consumption. TWT also reduces contention and interference on the channel used within a BSS, as it coordinates the transmissions of multiple client devices and avoids collisions. TWT is managed with beacon and trigger frames, which are two types of management frames that are used to announce and initiate data exchanges. A beacon frame is a frame that is periodically sent by an access point to advertise its presence, capabilities, and parameters to client devices. A trigger frame is a frame that is sent by an access point or a client device to request or initiate a data transmission with another device. BSS color, UL-MU-MIMO, and OFDMA are other features of 802.11ax (HE) that are not primarily power management methods, but rather performance enhancement methods. BSS color is a feature that assigns a color code to each BSS to differentiate it from other BSSs that use the same channel. This reduces interference and improves spatial reuse of the channel. UL-MU-MIMO is a feature that allows an access point to receive multiple simultaneous transmissions from different client devices using multiple spatial streams. This increases capacity and throughput of the uplink direction. OFDMA is a feature that divides a channel into smaller subchannels called resource units (RUs) that can be allocated to different devices for concurrent transmissions. This increases efficiency and flexibility of the channel utilization. References: CWNA-109 Study Guide, Chapter 10:
Wireless LAN Operation, page 323
NEW QUESTION # 32
A string of characters and digits is entered into an AP and a client STA for WPA2 security. The string is 8 characters long. What is this string called?
- A. PSK
- B. WEP key
- C. MSK
- D. Passphrase
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 33
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